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福音(就如將莠子收集起來,用火焚燒,在今世終結時也將如此。)
瑪竇福音 13:36-43
那時,耶穌離開了群眾,來到家裏,他的門徒就前來對他說:「請把田間莠子的比喻給我們講解一下!」他就回答說:「那撒好種子的,就是人子;田就是世界;好種子,即是天國的子民;莠子即是邪惡的子民;那撒莠子的仇人,就是魔鬼;收割時期,即是今世的終結;收割者即是天使。就如將莠子收集起來,用火焚燒;在今世終結時也將是如此;人子要差遣他的天使,由他的國內,將一切使人跌倒的事,及作惡的人收集起來,扔到火窰裏;在那裏要有哀號和切齒。那時,義人要在他們父的國裏,發光如同太陽。有耳的,聽吧!」
釋義
瑪十三24-30先報導了耶穌講述「好種子和莠子」的比喻,家主讓二者一起長大到成熟。這個比喻本身原本意義清楚:在教會內同時有好人和壞人、聖人和罪人,必須避免有人反應過於激烈,企圖在這個時刻就拔除一切莠子。
今天的福音讓耶穌對比喻做出解釋,這個解釋把比喻的重點從當前的教會時代轉移到末日審判時代。審判者是被高舉的人子,祂的王國就是這個世界。他撒下的種子都是好種子,但是有惡人來撒下莠子,而時間將會證明,什麼是麥子,什麼是莠子。根據38和41節,莠子是「邪惡的子民」和「使人跌倒的及作惡的人」。不論是教會內或教會外,都有這樣的人。「火窯」表達終極的懲罰,意思是指完全被排除在信仰團體的共融之外,排除在與天主的共融之外。地獄是一種「寒冷的火」,因此在其中的人只有「哀號和切齒」。
讀經一(上主同梅瑟面對面地談話。)
出谷紀 33:7-11;34:5-9,28
梅瑟往往將那帳幕支搭在營外,離營遠些;他稱此帳幕為「會幕」。凡求問天主的,要到營外的帳幕那裏。每當梅瑟往會幕那裏去的時候,眾百姓都起來,每人站在自己的帳幕門口,觀望梅瑟直到他進入會幕。當梅瑟進入會幕的時候,雲柱降下,停在會幕門口,上主便同梅瑟談話。眾百姓一見雲柱停在會幕門口,百姓就起來,俯伏在自己的帳幕門口。上主同梅瑟面對面地談話,就如人同朋友談話一樣。梅瑟回營以後,他的侍從,一個年輕人,即農的兒子若蘇厄總不離開會幕。上主乘雲降下,站在梅瑟身旁,他便呼喊「雅威」名號。上主由他面前經過時,大聲喊說:「雅威,雅威是慈悲寬仁的天主,緩於發怒,富於慈愛忠誠,對萬代的人保持仁愛,寬赦過犯、罪行和罪過,但是決不豁免懲罰,父親的過犯向子孫追討,直到三代四代。」梅瑟急忙俯伏在地朝拜,說:「我主,若是我真在你眼中得寵,求我主與我們同行;這百姓固然執拗,但求你寬免我們的過犯和罪惡,以我們為你的產業。」梅瑟在那裏同上主一起,停留了四十天四十夜,沒有吃飯,也沒有喝水;把盟約的話,即十句話,寫在石版上。
釋義
以色列子民崇拜金牛、背叛盟約之後,一切的情況都改變了。雖然天主永遠是天主,但是人民已經不再是過去的人民。在拜金牛事件之後,天主和人的關係改變了:天人之間的距離變的巨大,人再也不能夠在自己的生活區域和天主相遇。只有梅瑟仍和過去一樣是信賴天主的人,因此天主以一個新的「名字」── 雅威 ── 顯現給他。這個名字是從出三14開始就許諾救援的天主的名字。經過了許久之後,以色列人仍不斷如此祈禱:「天主,我們的救主,為你名的光榮,協助我們,為了你的聖名,寬赦我們的罪過,拯救我們!」(詠七九9)但是,救主同時也是審判的主,祂懲罰違背盟約的人。然而盟約永遠有效,因為「雅威是慈悲寬仁的天主,緩於發怒,富於慈愛忠誠 …」(36),因此梅瑟可以如此祈求天主:「寬恕我們,讓我們做祢的產業!」
Gospel
MT 13:36-43
Jesus dismissed the crowds and went into the house.His disciples approached him and said,
"Explain to us the parable of the weeds in the field."
He said in reply, "He who sows good seed is the Son of Man,
the field is the world, the good seed the children of the Kingdom.
The weeds are the children of the Evil One,
and the enemy who sows them is the Devil.
The harvest is the end of the age, and the harvesters are angels.
Just as weeds are collected and burned up with fire,
so will it be at the end of the age.
The Son of Man will send his angels,
and they will collect out of his Kingdom
all who cause others to sin and all evildoers.
They will throw them into the fiery furnace,
where there will be wailing and grinding of teeth.
Then the righteous will shine like the sun
in the Kingdom of their Father.
Whoever has ears ought to hear."
Reading 1 EX 33:7-11; 34:5B-9, 28
The tent, which was called the meeting tent,
Moses used to pitch at some distance away, outside the camp.
Anyone who wished to consult the LORD
would go to this meeting tent outside the camp.
Whenever Moses went out to the tent, the people would all rise
and stand at the entrance of their own tents,
watching Moses until he entered the tent.
As Moses entered the tent, the column of cloud would come down
and stand at its entrance while the LORD spoke with Moses.
On seeing the column of cloud stand at the entrance of the tent,
all the people would rise and worship
at the entrance of their own tents.
The LORD used to speak to Moses face to face,
as one man speaks to another.
Moses would then return to the camp,
but his young assistant, Joshua, son of Nun,
would not move out of the tent.
Moses stood there with the LORD and proclaimed his name, "LORD."
Thus the LORD passed before him and cried out,
"The LORD, the LORD, a merciful and gracious God,
slow to anger and rich in kindness and fidelity,
continuing his kindness for a thousand generations,
and forgiving wickedness and crime and sin;
yet not declaring the guilty guiltless,
but punishing children and grandchildren
to the third and fourth generation for their fathers' wickedness!"
Moses at once bowed down to the ground in worship.
Then he said, "If I find favor with you, O LORD,
do come along in our company.
This is indeed a stiff-necked people;
yet pardon our wickedness and sins,
and receive us as your own."
So Moses stayed there with the LORD for forty days and forty nights,
without eating any food or drinking any water,
and he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant,
the ten commandments.

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